The ADA - signed into law on July 26, 1990 - was a significant achievement, guaranteeing civil rights protections to people with physical, mental, and emotional disabilities. For example, parking lots now have the familiar blue-and-white signs designating accessible parking spaces and where curbs and sidewalks have cuts and ramps to accommodate those in wheelchairs or with other mobility issues. Most new buildings are now designed with ADA-compliant doors and elevators and hallways and bathrooms. There are also required accommodations in classrooms and public spaces, nondiscrimination in employment, and more accessible housing.
On many metrics of ADA compliance, Maryland stands above other states. The law, which guarantees equal access for people with disabilities, has lived up to its promise in many ways in the state. Over 1.1 million adults in Maryland had a disability of some kind - almost 25% of Marylanders in 2022, according to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). Some 16% had disabilities in 2021.
Maryland's major remaining disability-related problems are in the delivery of needed services. Advocates for people with disabilities believe that there has definitely been progress since the ADA's passage, but see the need for some improvements. The executive director of the Arc Maryland said acceptance of people with disabilities has increased and the negative stigma has declined, but not consistently. She believes that Maryland “has a reputation of treating people with respect and having services” to help people with disabilities, factors that draw families to the state. A Disability Rights Maryland spokesperson said “It’s possible that more people are comfortable with acknowledging or self-identifying as a person with a disability.”
Maryland was third best for its health care among the 50 states and Washington, D.C., and eighth best overall for someone with a disability in the April 2024 report from Policygenius, an insurance broker organization, which rated the best states for living with a disability. With major medical centers in the region, such as the Kennedy Krieger Institute in Baltimore, Maryland has become a destination. Maryland also is a leader in equal pay for people with disabilities, after the General Assembly in 2016 phased out 14(c) certificates, which let employers to pay subminimum wage to people with disabilities. As of 2020, employers must pay the same minimum wage to workers with disabilities and those without.
Maryland Governor Wes Moore (D) recently signed an executive order requiring state agencies to use “plain language,” in documents and on websites. This will especially benefit persons with disabilities, who sometimes have trouble accessing state websites to receive available support and services. The transition to plain language on all state documents and sites probably will not happen until early 2025, according to Information Technology Secretary Katie Savage.
Maryland has other problems that face people with disabilities. In 2023, the U.S. Attorney’s Office notified the Maryland Transit Administration that its paratransit service - MobilityLink - was not in compliance with ADA protections. The major issue is long delays for service.
Also, people with disabilities are “still an underserved population” because there are waitlists to receive services and administrative turnaround time for services, as well as many restrictions and limitations that mean years of waiting to access services.
